Linux/Unix系统下nginx+php安装简明教程

一、安装nginx:

1. 安装pcre库,nginx的rewrite模板需用到pcre库:

mkdir -p /works  
cd /works  
wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.20.tar.gz  
tar -zxvf pcre-8.20.tar.gz  
./configure  
make && make install  
cd ..  

2. 安装nginx:

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.0.10.tar.gz  
tar -zxvf nginx-1.0.10.tar.gz  
cd nginx-1.0.10  
./configure  
make && make install  
cd ..  

3. 新建用户和组：

groupadd www  
useradd -r -g www www  

二、安装PHP5

libcurl:  
wget http://curl.haxx.se/download/curl-7.23.1.tar.gz  
tar -zxvf curl-7.23.1.tar.gz  
cd curl-7.23.1/  
./configure  
make && make install  
cd .. 

libxml2：

wget ftp://xmlsoft.org/libxml2/libxml2-2.7.6.tar.gz  
tar -zxvf libxml2-2.7.6.tar.gz  
cd libxml2-2.7.6  
./configure  
make && make install  
cd ..  

libxslt：

wget ftp://xmlsoft.org/libxml2/libxslt-1.1.24.tar.gz  
tar -zxvf libxslt-1.1.24.tar.gz  
cd libxslt-1.1.24  
./configure  make && make install  
cd ..   

freetype： 

wget http://download.savannah.gnu.org/releases/freetype/freetype-2.4.6.tar.gz  
tar -zxvf freetype-2.4.6.tar.gz  
cd freetype-2.4.6  ./configure  
make && make install  
cd .. 

libpng:

wget "http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/libpng/libpng-1.5.6.tar.gz?download" 
tar -zxvf libpng-1.5.6.tar.gz  
cd libpng-1.5.6  ./configure  
make && make install  
cd ..  

libjpeg:

wget http://ijg.org/files/jpegsrc.v8c.tar.gz  
tar -zxvf jpegsrc.v8c.tar.gz  
cd jpeg-8c/  
./configure  
make && make install  
cd ..  

2. 安装php5和php-fpm:

wget http://museum.php.net/php5/php-5.2.16.tar.gz  
wget http://php-fpm.org/downloads/php-5.2.16-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz  
tar -zxvf php-5.2.16.tar.gz   
gunzip php-5.2.16-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz   
cd php-5.2.16/  
patch -p1 < ../php-5.2.16-fpm-0.5.14.diff  
 
./configure \  
--with-curl \  
--enable-calendar \  
--with-xsl \  
--with-libxml-dir \  
--enable-ftp \  
--with-gd \  
--with-freetype-dir \  
--with-jpeg-dir \  
--with-png-dir \  
--enable-mbstring \  
--with-zlib \  
--enable-shared \  
--with-mysql \  
--enable-fastcgi \  
--enable-fpm   
./configure && make && make install  

修改php-fpm的配置文件/usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf,设置执行php-fpm的用户和组名：
大约在第62行：

Unix user of processes  
<!--<value name="user">nobody</value>-->                              
Unix group of processes  
<!--<value name="group">nobody</value>-->  

修改为：

Unix user of processes  
<value name="user">www</value>                            
Unix group of processes  
<value name="group">www</value> 

启动php-fpm：

/usr/local/sbin/php-fpm start  
lsof -i:9000  
netstat -ant|grep 9000    
#9000为php-fpm的默认端口,可以在/usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf中修改。  

修改nginx配置文件/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf，我的nginx配置文件如下：

worker_processes  10;  
events {  
    worker_connections  1024;  
}  
http {  
    include       mime.types;  
    default_type  application/octet-stream;  
    sendfile        on;  
    keepalive_timeout  65;  
    gzip  on;  
    server {  
        listen       80;  
        server_name  ead;  
 root /data/faceshow/www;  
        location / {  
            root   html;  
            index  index.php index.html index.htm;  
        }  
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;  
        location = /50x.html {  
            root   html;  
        }  
   
 #此段代码为关键  
        location  ~ \.php$ {  
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000; #对应php-fmp的端口  
            fastcgi_index  index.php;  
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /data/faceshow/www/$fastcgi_script_name;    
         #php文件的物理路径  
            include        fastcgi_params;  
        }  
   
 location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$  
     {  
        expires      30d;  
     }  
     location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$  
     {  
        expires      1h;  
     }      
    }  
}  

启动nginx：

/usr/local/nginx/bin/nginx   
/usr/local/nginx/bin/nginx -s reload  

三、常见问题：

./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.  
You can either disable the module by using --without-http_rewrite_module  
option, or install the PCRE library into the system, or build the PCRE library  
statically from the source with nginx by using --with-pcre=<path> option.  

解决：这是由于未PCRE库,请安装PCRE库在运行./configure。也可以使用带--without-http_rewrite_module参数进行./configure，但是这将导致nginx不支持rewrite功能！

四、相关文件下载地址：

libcurl: http://curl.haxx.se/download.html
libxml2： ftp://xmlsoft.org/libxml2/
libxslt： ftp://xmlsoft.org/libxml2/
libpng： http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/libpng.html
libjpeg: http://ijg.org/files/
freetype：http://download.savannah.gnu.org/releases/freetype/
pcre：http://www.pcre.org/
nginx：http://nginx.org/en/download.html
php-fpm：http://php-fpm.org/
php5：http://www.php.net/releases/
MySQL：http://www.mysql.com/downloads/mirror.php?id=404683#mirrors